Solid waste is also expelled in this manner. Water can be forcibly expelled in this way, resulting in jet propulsion as a means of escape. The abdomen draws water in and pumps it out again through the anus. Larvae absorb oxygen from the water using gills inside the rectum. Some species lay their eggs inside plant tissue, others attach their eggs to substrates at or above the water’s surface, and some may drop or wash their eggs from their abdomen onto water. Larvae crawl from eggs laid in or near water. Their shape, metabolism, and respiration differ concordantly with the microhabitat they occupy.Ī dragonfly larva captures a fish by extending its labial mask. Different species of dragonfly larvae can be described as sprawlers, burrowers, hiders, or claspers. At the end of the mask is a set of fanglike pincers used to seize prey such as worms, crustaceans, tadpoles, and small fish. Disproportionately large, the mask folds beneath both the head and thorax when it is not in use. Called the “ mask,” it is a fusion of the larva’s third pair of mouthparts. They have bulging eyes somewhat similar to the adults, but possess a formidable anatomical structure not present in the adult. The functionally wingless larvae are usually mottled or dull in colour, matching the sediments or water plants among which they live. Young dragonflies, called larvae or sometimes nymphs or naiads, are aquatic and are as dedicated predators under water as the adults are in the air. Slow-motion animation demonstrates how a dragonfly larva extends its labial mask to capture prey. Dragonflies also have huge bulging eyes that occupy most of the head, giving some a field of vision approaching 360 degrees. The globe skimmer (or wandering glider, Pantala flavescens), a migratory dragonfly, for example, makes an annual multigenerational journey of some 18,000 km (about 11,200 miles) to complete the migration, individual globe skimmers fly more than 6,000 km (3,730 miles)-one of the farthest known migrations of all insect species. Dragonflies have a more powerful build and are generally much stronger fliers than damselflies. In addition, dragonflies rest with their wings spread horizontally, rather than held vertically against each other (with the exception of one very small family, Epiophlebiidae). Unlike damselflies, the front and rear wing pairs are shaped differently. Distinguishing characteristics and flight behaviourĭragonfly species (Anisoptera) are characterized by long bodies with two narrow pairs of intricately veined, membranous wings that, while generally transparent, may have coloured markings. Damselflies (suborder Zygoptera) are sometimes also called dragonflies in that both are odonates (order Odonata). SpaceNext50 Britannica presents SpaceNext50, From the race to the Moon to space stewardship, we explore a wide range of subjects that feed our curiosity about space!ĭragonfly, (suborder Anisoptera), also called darner, devil’s arrow, or devil’s darning needle, any of a group of roughly 3,000 species of aerial predatory insects most commonly found near freshwater habitats throughout most of the world.Learn about the major environmental problems facing our planet and what can be done about them! Saving Earth Britannica Presents Earth’s To-Do List for the 21st Century.Britannica Beyond We’ve created a new place where questions are at the center of learning.100 Women Britannica celebrates the centennial of the Nineteenth Amendment, highlighting suffragists and history-making politicians.
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